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Clarifying the Ethics and Responsibilities Inherent in Litigation Funding

The following is a contributed piece from Nick Rowles-Davies, Executive Vice Chairman of Litigation Capital Management. Along with Andrew Saker, CEO of Omni Bridgeway, and Neil Purslow, Co-Founder of Therium, Nick will be a panelist on LFJ’s upcoming special digital conference — an industry roundup of the major events impacting commercial litigation funding in 2020, and what to expect in 2021. 

Recently, there has been a lot of discussion around litigation finance. This is generally a good thing, as although litigation finance is no longer an unknown dark art, the industry still benefits from a heightened profile as it progresses on the journey from obscure to mainstream.

That said, recent theoretical musings have concerned the ethics surrounding a funder’s involvement in a case, some funders’ closer associations with law firms and the duties of the lawyers running funded cases. These are important issues that should be discussed and debated openly, albeit more usefully by practitioners and funders who have real experience of such matters in jurisdictions where funding is permitted, so as to avoid naïve commentary that betrays a lack of practical knowledge and understanding of how these matters actually work.

One issue raised recently is the concern that using funding can create a conflict between the duties of the lawyer to their client and any duty to the funder. There is a suggestion that in this regard, funders create a ‘practical difficulty’ for lawyers, who are torn between protecting the interests of their clients and pleasing investors.

The only duty of the lawyers in a matter which is financed by a third-party funder is always the one to their client. Professional funders invariably include a provision within their funding agreements that requires the lawyers to act in accordance with their professional duties and any regulatory requirements. That said, the practical reality is that any professional funder will wish to ensure that the interests of the client and the funder are entirely aligned. No funder wants to create a situation where the client has little or nothing to gain from the outcome of the case. The simple reason for this is that the funder does not influence or control the decision making in the litigation or arbitration. They cannot, and attempting to do so would put the funder’s investment at risk.

Funders provide passive capital and once they have decided to invest in a case there are only certain circumstances where a withdrawal from the case is permitted. In reality, given the experience of the established professional funding cohort, most clients are keen to discuss their case with the funder in a way that seeks out the funder’s views and gives the client the benefit of the many years of experience that the funders have gained.

Despite the suggested concerns, funders do only have a limited and pre-agreed role in any decision making, and the funding agreements reflect that position. It has also been suggested that clients should seek independent advice on the terms of the funding agreement, namely alternative advice from the lawyers running the actual case. That does happen, although it is not mandatory given that the parties are commercial entities seeking to enter into a commercial agreement, but then neither is it mandatory for a client entering into a DBA/contingency fee agreement with their lawyers in England and Wales.

It has been observed that there are law firms who are forging closer links or associations with funders and whether that, also, raises questions of duty or loyalty. The commentary above is equally applicable to this. Lawyers know where their duty lies, and professional funders have no interest in interfering in that. Perhaps a more pertinent question is to ask why these associations are happening.

Since the last financial crisis, the law firm model has been changing with corporate clients insisting on higher value and better predictability on fees. In a downward trend since 2008, law firms have been losing out on collections on billable time. Moreover, the most important issue and the area that in house legal teams believe needs the most attention is the provision of more creative and alternative billing solutions.[1]

One way in which law firms can offer an alternative is by the provision of litigation finance. Law firms that are forging closer associations with funders are showing that they understand their clients’ needs and are reacting to their clients’ requests by offering an alternative. The legal market is extremely competitive. It should be assumed that all the lawyers pitching commercial clients for work are very good lawyers. Law firms, particularly in the current financial climate, not only have to address the requirements of those commercial and corporate clients, but they need to set themselves apart from the competition. They need to change the narrative and distinguish themselves in a crowded market. The firms that have made such arrangements are benefitting from the ability to do this and are gaining more work from existing clients and winning new clients with the benefit of their associations with litigation funders. Used intelligently, litigation finance is an excellent business development tool for law firms.

However, these associations go much further than simply being a response to in house corporate demands or the business development needs of law firms. The benefits to the law firms and to their clients are numerous, as they are of course to the funders. Nothing in these arrangements is, should be, or indeed could be, exclusive. The law firm should always act in the client’s best interests.

Whilst the funder may see all of a firm’s potential funding opportunities, it is incumbent on the funder to create an arrangement that is always going to be competitive for the law firm’s clients. That is a significant benefit to all parties. The established professional funders consider every case on its own merit and risk profile and could not guarantee that they will always offer the cheapest terms – to do so would undermine one of the cardinal rules practiced by real funders, namely the pricing of risk. Accordingly, there will be occasions where the funder with whom the firm has an association cannot provide terms that meet the client’s demands for a particular case.

Whilst the regular referral of cases is a benefit to the funder, there is real value to both funder and law firm in the knowledge and experience gained by working closely together, understanding the methodology and then adopting the processes and the thinking undertaken by the funders, even using similar terminology and document precedents.

This exchange of information means that the law firm really understands what it takes to obtain approval for funding. That leads to a better result for clients. There is no time and money wasted in hopeless applications and cases that can be funded are executed more swiftly whilst those that cannot be funded rejected swiftly, or do not make it past the law firm’s triage process which has been honed by continued education from the funder.

It is incumbent on any new industry to listen to concerns, ethical or otherwise, and respond with appropriate understanding and professionalism to address those concerns. All of the issues raised recently have been asked and answered many times before. The litigation finance industry has matured significantly in the last 10 years and is now treated, rightly, as a useful and often necessary tool in any disputes lawyer’s toolbox. The general international trend is one of growing acceptance, increasing adoption of, and accelerated adaptation to, litigation finance—particularly in sophisticated international hubs for dispute resolution.

 

[1] (2019 Report on the State Of The Legal Market by the Georgetown University Law Centre and Thomson Reuters Legal Executive Institute & Peer Monitor)

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Palisade, Accredited Specialty Secure $35 Million Legal Risk Cover

By John Freund |

Specialty managing general underwriter Palisade Insurance Partners has taken a significant step to scale its fast-growing contingent-legal-risk book, striking a delegated-authority agreement with Accredited Specialty Insurance Company that enables up to $35 million in coverage for legal risk insurance products. The New York-headquartered MGU can now offer larger wraps for judgment preservation, adverse-appeal and similar exposures—coverages that corporates, private-equity sponsors and law firms increasingly use to de-risk litigation and unlock financing.

An article in Business Insurance reports that the deal provides Palisade's clients with the comfort of carrier balance-sheet strength while allowing the insurer to expand its program portfolio. The capacity tops up Palisade’s existing relationships and arrives at a time when several traditional markets have retrenched from contingent legal risk after absorbing a spate of outsized verdicts, leaving many complex disputes under-served.

Palisade leadership said demand for robust limits has “never been stronger,” driven by M&A transactions that hinge on successful appeals, fund-level financings that need portfolio hedges, and secondary trading of mature judgments. Writing on LinkedIn, Palisade President John McNally stated: "Accredited's partnership expands Palisade's ability to transfer litigation exposures and help facilitate transactional and financing outcomes for its corporate, law firm, investment manager and M&A clients."

The new facility aligns the MGU’s maximum line with those of higher-profile peers and could see Palisade participate in single-event placements that have historically defaulted to the London market. For Accredited, the move diversifies its program roster and positions the insurer to capture premium in a niche with attractive economics—provided underwriting discipline holds.

Omni Bridgeway Maps Recovery Paths for PRC Creditors

By John Freund |

China’s ballooning stock of non-performing loans (NPLs) has long frustrated mainland banks and asset-management companies eager to claw back value from defaulted borrowers scattered across multiple jurisdictions. In its newly released 2025 Report on International Asset Recovery for PRC Financial Creditors, Omni Bridgeway distills the lessons of a growing body of cross-border enforcement actions and sets out a playbook for creditors determined to follow the money.

A paper published by Omni Bridgeway explains that the three-chapter study surveys today’s enforcement landscape, highlights “funded recovery” strategies for domestic institutions, and walks readers through case studies in which Chinese lenders have traced assets into offshore havens and employed Mareva-style injunctions, arbitral award assignments, and insolvency proceedings to compel payment.

The paper highlights how litigation finance can transform the economics of pursuing stubborn debtors. By underwriting investigative costs, securing local counsel, and bridging timing gaps between enforcement wins and cash realisation, funders such as Omni Bridgeway can turn an otherwise write-off-prone claim into a profitable workout.

The report also charts structural shifts reshaping the market: Beijing’s pressure on state banks to clean balance sheets, private-equity appetite for “special situations” paper, and widening acceptance of third-party funding in arbitration hubs from Hong Kong to Singapore. A series of recent matters—ranging from a Guangzhou lender’s successful freeze of UK real estate to a provincial AMC’s recovery of Latin-American mining assets—illustrate the potency of coordinated tracing, injunctive relief, and securitised claims sales.

For the legal-funding bar, the study underscores a powerful, still-underexploited pipeline: hundreds of billions of renminbi in distressed credit looking for capital-efficient enforcement solutions. Whether PRC banks will embrace external funders at scale—and how regulators will view foreign-backed recovery campaigns—remain pivotal questions for 2025 and beyond.

Omni Bridgeway Hails U.S. Budget Bill Win

By John Freund |

Omni Bridgeway has sidestepped a potentially painful tax after President Trump signed the FY-25 Budget Bill without the much-debated levy on legal-finance proceeds. The Australian-listed funder, which bankrolls commercial claims on six continents, had warned that the original 40.8 percent surcharge floated in the Senate Finance Committee would depress case economics and chill cross-border capital flows. Instead, the final bill landed on 4 July with zero mention of legal-finance taxation, handing the industry a regulatory reprieve just as U.S. portfolio commitments hit record highs.

Sharecafe notes that Omni Bridgeway credits a rare coalition of plaintiff-side bar groups, access-to-justice NGOs, and chambers-of-commerce allies for persuading lawmakers to drop the proposal. The company says it will elaborate in its 4Q25 report later this month, but stresses that bipartisan recognition of funding’s public-interest role now mirrors supportive reviews in Australia, the EU and the UK.

For funders, the episode underscores two diverging trends: rising U.S. political scrutiny and an equally vocal defense of the asset class from sophisticated investors. Expect lobbying budgets to climb as Congress circles disclosure and tax issues again in 2026, but also expect money to keep flowing—Omni’s stance suggests confidence that regulatory headwinds can be managed without derailing growth.