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California Bar Issues Formal Opinion on Third-Party Litigation Funding

This article was contributed by Eric Schuller, President of the Alliance for Responsible Consumer Legal Funding (ARC). On October 1, 2020 the California Bar Association published Formal Opinion NO. 2020-204 on Third-Party Litigation Funding. The bar’s opinion states that attorney and consumer must be fully informed as to the terms and conditions of the contract. Additionally, the lawyer must ensure competence in advising on any litigation funding agreement, and is obligated to obtain a client’s permission before discussing any confidential information with the funding company. During the comment period of this opinion, the Alliance For Responsible Consumer Legal Funding (ARC) weighed in on the issue by submitting a letter to the review committee. In the letter ARC stated: “The Proposed Formal Opinion properly establishes that a lawyer is under an ethical obligation to decline to represent a client in legal funding negotiations if the lawyer does not have sufficient knowledge and expertise to help the client avoid being exploited in the legal funding relationship.” In addition, it was stated that this opinion will give consumers additional confidence in the industry: ”By requiring adequate representation in the legal funding negotiation, bad actors will be less likely to survive. As those bad actors are driven out, consumer confidence in legal funding services will rise and the resulting increase in demand for legal funding services will draw even more reputable funders into the market. This, in turn, will create stronger incentives for funders to cater to the price and quality preferences of individual plaintiffs.” The California Bar Association and the American Bar Association have each released a recent opinion on Litigation Funding. In both opinions, the bars acknowledge a need for the product, and propose best practices for how consumers and attorneys should work with companies that offer financial assistance to consumers in their time of need. ARC and its member companies continue to ensure that both consumers and their attorneys are fully-informed on the terms and conditions of the contract, and that the only parties that have a say in the prosecution of the case are consumers and their attorneys. These are enforced in the most recent set of Best Practices that ARC and its companies have released. ARC is very pleased the California Bar Association, the largest State Bar Association in the United States with over 242,000 members, has taken this position on the issue and put forward these important guidelines.
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Stonewood Case Stay of Proceedings Lifted

Questions about litigation funding led to a stay of proceedings during the liquidation of Stonewood Homes. That stay has been lifted by Associate Judge Owen Paulsen on September 25th. In August, a ruling stated that the liquidators, Rhys Cain and Rees Logan, could submit a request to lift the stay once concerns regarding the funding arrangement could be addressed. Otago Daily Times reports that Queenstown Mayor, Jim Boult, was the director of Stonewood Homes prior to February 2016. At that time, Stonewood was put into receivership as it owed money to unsecured creditors. According to the liquidators, Boult and another defendant allowed for trading while insolvent. Allegedly, this went on for nearly two years, during which time Stonewood lost even more money—to the tune of millions. Boult ostensibly took issue with the funding for the case, which was provided by developer Chris Meehan. Through his company, PLF Services, Meehan agreed to cover court costs, legal fees, investigator fees, and witnesses. Boult asserted that Meehan's funding was part of a vendetta intended to interfere with the coming mayoral election. Ultimately, Judge Paulsen determined that there was no satisfactory evidence of a vendetta. Part of this ruling was based on the fact that Meehan was approached about funding, as opposed to having sought it out.  A hearing for the case has not been announced but is expected soon.

Insolvencies Lead to More Disputes—Says Litigation Capital Management

While COVID takes a toll on businesses around the globe, Litigation Finance is experiencing boom times. As the number of insolvencies increases, funders are readying for an influx of new requests. In preparation, Litigation Capital Management has created an asset management division. This is Money explains that LCM is on track to grow its global presence through the use of increased capital. As chief executive Patrick Moloney has stated, LCM has experienced major growth so far in 2020, and that’s expected to continue. Like many litigation funders, LCM is counter-cyclical. When businesses are in turmoil and markets are in flux, opportunities to fund cases abound. As Moloney explains, LCM anticipates ‘a huge volume of opportunity’ in the global marketplace. LCM relies on two basic funding models. Some disputes are funded directly from its balance sheet. Others go through a third-party fund managed by LCM. These funds are used to invest in individual cases, a portfolio of multiple cases, or to purchase claims in cases that have already been adjudicated. The current LCM share price suggests that investors are still cautious about the growth potential of the company. Moloney remains optimistic. He explains that LCM is not just focusing on current markets—but looking ahead to global opportunities for growth. Once the market grasps the full potential of LCMs portfolio funding model, the true value of the company will become readily apparent.

Asia-Based Companies Have Their Eye on US IP Litigation

Litigation regarding intellectual property is undergoing a transformation. Judicial and legislative reform has led to changes that have made IP cases more complex and time-consuming, and therefore even more expensive to see to completion. Interestingly, companies based in Asia are looking toward US monetization strategies despite the inherent challenges of doing so. Burford Capital explains that for some, the potential rewards inherent to US patent litigation outweigh the potential risks. Huawei, for example, has been on the affirmative side of IP cases irrespective of the significant expenses involved. Nichia and Sharp are also among those with active IP cases in US courts. Since the beginning of last year, US patent cases led to at least half a dozen litigation awards of more than $200 million. These cases include companies like Cirba Inc, KAIST, and Motorola. There was also the notable Caltech verdict in its case against Broadcom and Apple—where Caltech was awarded more than a billion dollars. Even after a verdict is given, it may still take months before the award money is actually seen. Moreover, large awards can lead to bankruptcy and insolvency, which means recovery can take even longer. That aside, these award amounts suggest that the murky waters of US IP litigation may well be worth wading into. Since early last year, Asia-based tech companies have filed several dozen IP infringement complaints in US courts, including Maxell, LG, Epson, Seiko, and more. While Asia-based plaintiffs in American courts is not new, the size and scope of the cases suggest that innovation in tech is bringing change to Asia’s economy. In fact, Chinese startups currently attract almost 30% of venture capital around the globe, so it's likely this is a trend that will continue well into the future. 

LexShares Further Expands Investments Team with Strategic Hiring of Kenneth Harmon

LexShares, a leading commercial litigation finance firm, today announced the addition of Kenneth Harmon as Director of Risk & Deputy General Counsel. Drawing on a 28-year background prosecuting white-collar criminal matters and whistleblower-related litigation for the federal government, Mr. Harmon will be evaluating and servicing a growing pipeline of legal claim investment opportunities as a member of the firm’s Investments Group. Prior to joining LexShares, Mr. Harmon served as an Assistant U.S. Attorney in the District of Colorado for 19 years and in the Southern District of Florida for nine years, primarily leading investigations into tax and accounting fraud, insider trading, and counterfeit pharmaceuticals trafficking. He has also practiced at Denver-based litigation firm Springer & Steinberg, focusing on a wide range of commercial and white-collar criminal matters. Mr. Harmon began his career as a litigation associate with Paul Weiss and holds a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. “Ken’s impressive track record and diverse skill set make him a tremendous asset to our firm,” said Max Volsky, LexShares’ Co-Founder and Chief Investment Officer. “Investing in our underwriting and servicing team is critical. We are confident Ken will bolster our efforts to provide an efficient funding process to an expanding network of attorneys and plaintiffs.” “As a close observer of the litigation finance market, I have long admired LexShares’ approach to investing in legal claims and relished the opportunity to work alongside such a dynamic, experienced team,” added Mr. Harmon. “Mastering new and complex subjects fueled me throughout my career as a federal prosecutor. I find myself similarly energized joining a rapidly-growing firm that provides a critical product to the legal industry.” The hiring of Mr. Harmon marks the latest milestone in a significant year of expansion for LexShares. He joins an investment team that has collectively underwritten $3 billion in funding opportunities to date, including $921 million in the past year alone. Powered by the firm’s proprietary Diamond Mine origination technology, alongside veteran legal underwriters, LexShares’ average investment size has grown 60% year-over-year as of Aug. 31, 2020, to $1.63 million. To support this growth, shortly after its 100th investment, the firm launched its second dedicated litigation finance fund. With a $100 million target size, LexShares Marketplace Fund II opened on June 10. About LexShares LexShares is a leading litigation finance firm, with an innovative approach to originating and financing high-value commercial legal claims. LexShares funds litigation-related matters, primarily originated by its proprietary Diamond Mine software, through both its online marketplace and dedicated litigation finance fund. Founded in 2014, the company is privately owned with principal offices in Boston and New York City. For more information, visit www.lexshares.com. This release may contain “forward looking statements” which are not guaranteed. Investment opportunities posted on LexShares are offered by WealthForge Securities, LLC, a registered broker-dealer and member FINRA / SIPC. LexShares and WealthForge are separate entities. Investment opportunities offered by LexShares are “private placements'' of securities that are not publicly traded, are not able to be voluntarily redeemed or sold, and are intended for investors who do not need a liquid investment. Investments in legal claims are speculative, carry a high degree of risk and may result in loss of entire investment.
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Forbes Ventures : Update on Litigation Funding Securitisation

Forbes Ventures is pleased to announce that, further to the announcement of 2 March 2020, it has established a wholly owned UK subsidiary, Forbes Ventures Cell 1 Limited (the 'UK Cell'). The UK Cell has been established to acquire UK-issued litigation funding loans, through the assignment of the related receivables - i.e. the litigation funding loans themselves and the interest thereon ('the Securitised Assets') - to Forbes Ventures CC 1 (the 'Maltese Cell'). The Maltese Cell is a Securitisation Cell Company in Malta, which is held in a bankruptcy remote structure and as such is not owned by the Company. To finance this securitisation, the Maltese Cell will shortly be issuing a prospectus relating to the proposed offer (the 'Offer') of 2-year bonds (the 'Bonds') and their admission to trading on the Malta Stock Exchange. The Offer has an aggregate value of EUR 35 million. A further announcement will be made at the time of closing of the Offer, which is expected later in September 2020. The net proceeds of the Offer will be paid to the UK Cell as consideration for the assignment of the Securitised Assets to the Maltese Cell, and will provide the funds for the UK Cell to acquire litigation funds in the UK. Forbes Ventures' wholly owned subsidiary, Forbes Ventures Investment Management Limited ('FVIM'), acts as originator and collateral agent for the UK Cell and is responsible for the selection and oversight of the Securitised Assets. FVIM will receive a cash fee for this transaction, upon closing, equivalent to 2% of the funds raised in the Offer. It is the Company's intention that the infrastructure which it has established for this securitisation will also be used to facilitate the securitisation of both further litigation funding and other assets across a range of industries. The Company confirms it is in discussion with multiple prospective counterparties from whom it may purchase assets for this purpose. Further announcements will be made upon the Company entering into any such arrangements. The Directors of Forbes accept responsibility for the contents of this announcement.
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Therium Makes Case for Monetization of Corporate Litigation Assets in New Publication

Therium, a leading global provider of litigation, arbitration and specialty legal finance, is pleased to announce the launch of a new publication aimed at educating corporations and their legal departments on the importance of monetizing their litigation assets through structured affirmative recovery programs. A Good Offense: The Therium Guide to Creating an Affirmative Recovery Program, is available as a progressive eBook, beginning today with the release of chapter 1, which introduces the concept of affirmative recovery and delves into its history. New chapters will be released during the last week of each month moving forward.

The legal departments of the world’s corporations were created out of necessity. Legal has always been viewed as a cost center, defending potentially costly claims against the company as efficiently as it can, and ensuring that transactions and other contractual matters are structured properly. Legal departments, however, regularly bypass potentially valuable litigation claims because the financial and other risks required to monetize litigation assets are viewed as too steep. That was already the case in a strong economy, let alone the current downturn. COVID-19 and the subsequent economic downturn are causing corporations to lose value each day, leading to tighter budgets and greater pressure on all departments. At the same time, they must find revenue wherever they can.

“Corporate legal departments have the potential to become drivers of revenue if they can successfully monetize litigation claims,” said Eric Blinderman, CEO of Therium US and one of the publication’s co-authors. “In this economy it is more important than ever that they do just that. We developed this eBook to assist in-house counsel in identifying potential high-value claims and mitigating a broad range of internal and external risks as they formalize a program for initiating plaintiff-side litigation.”

After using the first chapter to lay the groundwork for the story of affirmative claims, future chapters will include:

  • Structuring an affirmative recovery program
  • Identifying claims
  • Selecting claims and managing risk
  • Financing litigation
  • Managing outside counsel
  • Making settlement decisions
  • Achieving buy-in (and maintaining it)

Chapter 1 Abstract 

In 2004, the legal department of E.I. du Point de Nemours and Co. launched an initiative to maximize its recoveries and contribute to the company’s bottom line. “When a certain amount is at stake,” DuPont’s then-assistant general counsel Tom Sager said, “we have an obligation as counsel to the company to pursue claims.”

To those outside the legal profession, this posture may sound unremarkable. But historically, recovering such funds has not been a priority. DuPont’s strategy changed all that. In 2004, its law department recovered $100 million for the company. Within a decade, it had recovered more than $2.6 billion. That figure is enough to establish the obvious benefit of a program like DuPont’s, known as “affirmative recovery programs.” And they have many additional advantages. Among them is the satisfaction of achieving the oft stated but rarely realized goal of making a legal department a profit center rather than a cost center.

Which raises an obvious question: why aren’t more companies following their lead?

In recent years, corporate legal departments have taken tentative steps toward adopting a more aggressive mindset. Three-quarters of the Fortune 500 have filed lawsuits as plaintiffs in what could be called “affirmative recovery” matters. But a much smaller portion of the Fortune 500 have created their own programs.

Complacency and tradition are the two most basic forces that have kept legal departments from asserting legal claims. Conventional wisdom has long held that it’s not the general counsel’s job to make money for the company. Instead, lawyers served the singular function of defending the company from legal risk. And the generally defensive orientation of in-house legal departments made a comfortable fit with the risk-averse nature of its lawyers.

Despite the forces keeping legal departments from bringing lawsuits, they have gradually begun to adopt a plaintiff’s mentality. We can trace the origins of the movement as far back as the 1980s, when a financial crisis led Texas Instruments and IBM to turn to their legal departments for patent licensing revenue. These and similar efforts revealed that legal departments could do more than protect companies from risk. They could become strategic actors generating meaningful revenue.

With the Great Recession of 2008, companies came under great pressure to reduce costs, and legal departments were no longer immune. The field of “legal operations,” devoted to imposing discipline on the spending of corporate legal departments, was born. Corporate legal budgets now needed defending, and previously untouchable decisions came under scrutiny. In short, corporate legal departments began to be judged on business terms. Today, the timing is right for another leap in the adoption of affirmative recovery programs. The impediments to bringing affirmative claims have largely eroded, and the riddle of funding affirmative cases has been addressed by the use of litigation funding. And the thirst for revenue from corporate legal departments has not been this palpable since the Great Recession.

About Therium

Therium is a leading global provider of litigation, arbitration and specialty legal finance active in England and Wales and internationally since 2009.  Over that period, Therium has funded claims with a total value exceeding £34 billion including many of the largest and most high profile funded cases.  The firm has investment teams in the UK, USA, Australia, Spain, Germany and Oslo, supplementing its resources in its corporate headquarters in Jersey, Channel Islands.

Therium has established a track record of success in litigation finance in all forms including single case litigation and arbitration funding, funding law firms and funding portfolios of litigation and arbitration claims.  This track record enabled the firm to raise the then single largest investment into litigation finance of £200 million in 2015. Therium has raised over $1 billion since its foundation, which includes the latest £325 million fund raised in February 2019.

Therium has consistently been at the forefront of innovation in litigation finance, pioneering the combined use of insurance tools alongside funding vehicles, and introducing portfolio funding products into the UK.  The firm’s ability to develop innovative funding arrangements and bespoke financial solutions for litigants and law firms complements its unmatched experience and rigorous approach to funding a wide range of commercial disputes throughout the world.

www.therium.com

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Majority of Insolvency Professionals Consider Using Litigation Finance

Dispute finance is catching on all over the world. That’s not surprising, given the global economic impact of COVID-19. To wit, a whopping 87% of those polled in a recent survey said they’d seriously consider using dispute finance. Omni Bridgeway shares perspectives from a company partner, as well as a managing associate at Simmons and Simmons. According to Ruth Stackpool-Moore, investment manager at Omni Bridgeway, “Litigation funding really aims to do two things. The first is to leverage the contingent value of your claim, and the second is to reduce the cost and risk to you, in pursuing it.” Stackpool-Moore continued, “In terms of the role that the funder plays, there are three different parts to it. In addition to providing the capital, to pursue the claim…funders can bring some valuable expertise to the table, both in terms of experience on the litigation side…but also bring expertise in identifying and quantifying avenues of recovery. At the end of the day, what it all boils down to is what money is there to be recovered at the end of the proceedings. And then the third part is to assist in investigations if there’s further work that needs to be done.” Silvia Yuen, managing associate in Simmons and Simmons' Hong Kong office, commented on the kind of insolvency claims she sees: “I’m usually on the defense side acting opposite liquidators. … Often we see liquidators going after directors of the insolvent company for breach of duty, and also connected parties or counter-parties for unfair preference to avoid transactions that the company entered into in the run-up to liquidation." Yuen continued, "The other type of cases in which liquidators and funders are often involved in are claims against professional advisers… This could involve financial advisors, accountants, valuers, and even lawyers. And if the company had only recently been listed, then it could also involve claims against the sponsors." For a full recording of the webinar, visit here.  

Alliance for Responsible Consumer Legal Funding (ARC) Updates its Best Practices

On August 3, 2020 the American Bar Association House of Delegates passed resolution 111A by a vote of 366-10, regarding the “Best Practices for Third-Party Litigation Funding”. The Best Practices addressed Consumer Legal Funding, Commercial Litigation Finance and Attorney Funding. In reviewing the Best Practices for Consumer Legal Funding, ARC and its members made the decision to update the set of Best Practices our companies will follow. By following the guidance of the ABA, ARC and its members are setting a new high standard that others in the industry should follow. The updated Best Practices can be found on the ARC Website
  • Each member agrees the funding agreement will be in writing.
  • Each member agrees the written funding agreement will make clear the non-recourse nature of the investment the funder is making in the claim.
  • Each member agrees the funding agreement will state who is responsible for paying the funder, from what source (e., the recovery after trial or settlement), and when (g., after receipt by the attorney of judgment or settlement funds).
  • Each member agrees the funding agreement will be structured so that the consumer, not the funder, retains the right to control the conduct and litigation of their claim.
  • Each member agrees the funding agreement will state: the amount of funding to be provided to the consumer, the future amounts owed or method of calculating the amounts owed to the funder, and provide an independent dispute resolution process.
  • Each member agrees the funding agreement will include a recommendation that a consumer obtains legal advice before entering into the funding agreement.
  • Each member agrees that they will not intentionally provide the consumer funding in excess of the consumer’s needs at the time of such funding.
  • Each member agrees that they will not intentionally over-fund a case in relation to their perceived value of the case at the time of such funding.
  • Each member agrees that they will not advertise false or intentionally misleading information.
  • Each member agrees that they will not offer or pay commissions or referral fees to any attorney or employee of a law firm for referring a consumer to the member.
  • Each member will strive to achieve a rating of B or better with the Better Business Bureau.
On November 16th 2020, ARC will participate in a CLE Webinar with the ABA titled “Consumer Litigation Funding: The Basics, Current Regulatory, Ethical and Confidentiality Issues,” in which these Best Practices and other issues that affect the industry will be discussed. When consumers and their attorneys are dealing with Consumer Legal Funding companies, they should look for the ARC Logo and ensure they follow the Best Practices of the organization. Any questions on this or other issues regarding Consumer Legal Funding can be addressed to info@arclegalfunding.org
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