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Consumer Special Features

Does Consumer Legal Funding Put Consumers in Debt?

The following article was contributed by Eric Schuller, President of the Alliance for Responsible Consumer Legal Funding (ARC). There has been a lot of discussion if Consumer legal funding is a loan and thereby creates debt for a consumer Consumer legal funding, sometimes called litigation funding or lawsuit funding, provides cash upfront to plaintiffs, to be used for household needs, which are involved in legal proceedings in exchange for a portion of the eventual settlement or judgment. It doesn't create debt like a loan from a bank or credit card, these distinctions contribute to its classification as a unique financial product rather than a loan or debt.
  • Non-recourse nature: Unlike loans, where the consumer is personally liable for repayment regardless of the outcome, consumer legal funding is non-recourse. This means that if the plaintiff loses their case, they are not obligated to repay the funding. The repayment is contingent upon the success of the lawsuit.
  • No monthly payments: In a loan, borrowers usually make monthly payments to repay the principal amount plus interest. With consumer legal funding, there are usually no monthly payments required. Instead, repayment only occurs if and when the case is settled or won, and the repayment is often structured as a lump sum.
  • Risk sharing: Consumer legal funding providers assume a significant amount of risk by providing funds to plaintiffs who may not ultimately win their case. Unlike lenders who typically assess creditworthiness and require collateral, consumer legal funding companies evaluate the strength of the case and base their decision on the likelihood of success and not the creditworthiness of the consumer.
  • Not regulated as loans: Consumer legal funding is often subject to different regulations than loans. While loans are typically governed by banking and lending laws, consumer legal funding has its own set of regulations that ensures consumers are protected and the product is offered in a responsible manner.
Some of the other key differences between consumer legal funding and debt from a loan is in how repayment works. With a loan, the consumer borrows money and agrees to repay it with interest, regardless of the outcome of the situation, creating debt. However, with consumer legal funding, repayment is contingent upon the success of the case. If the consumer loses their case, they will not have to repay the funding. But if they win, they will have to pay back the amount funded, with fees that are known upfront. So, therefore consumer legal funding doesn't create debt. Unlike Consumer legal funding, some loans can put consumers in a cycle of debt. The term cycle of debt refers to a pattern where individuals or households become trapped in a recurring pattern of borrowing money to meet financial obligations, only to find themselves in even greater debt over time. This cycle often involves:
  • Initial Borrowing: The cycle typically begins with an initial borrowing of money, such as taking out a loan, using a credit card, or obtaining other forms of credit to cover expenses or emergencies.
  • Accumulation of Interest and Fees: As time passes, the borrower may struggle to make timely payments on their debts, leading to the accumulation of interest charges, late fees, and other penalties.
  • Financial Strain: The increasing debt burden can put a strain on the borrower's finances, making it difficult to cover basic living expenses and other financial obligations.
  • Additional Borrowing: To address their financial difficulties, borrowers may resort to additional borrowing or using high-cost forms of credit, such as payday loans or cash advances, to make ends meet.
  • Repayment Challenges: The cycle continues as the borrower struggles to keep up with mounting debt payments, leading to further financial stress and the need for more borrowing.
  • Escalating Debt: Without significant changes in financial habits or circumstances, the debt continues to escalate, with the borrower owing more money than they can realistically repay.
Breaking the cycle of debt often requires proactive steps such as budgeting, reducing expenses, increasing income, seeking financial counseling, and finding ways to pay down debt strategically. It may also involve negotiating with creditors, consolidating debts, or exploring debt relief options such as debt settlement or bankruptcy. Consumers who use Consumer legal funding are never placed in a cycle of debt. Consumer legal funding has many other positives to a consumer besides not placing them in debt.
  • Immediate Financial Assistance: Consumer legal funding provides plaintiffs with immediate cash to cover living expenses, medical bills, legal fees, and other costs associated with their lawsuit. This can be particularly helpful for individuals facing financial hardship due to their inability to work or other circumstances related to their legal case.
  • Non-Recourse: Consumer legal funding is non-recourse, meaning that if the plaintiff loses their case, they are not obligated to repay the funding. This reduces the financial risk for the plaintiff, as they only repay the funding if they win their case.
  • Leveling the Playing Field: Consumer legal funding can help level the playing field in legal disputes by providing plaintiffs with the financial resources to pursue their case effectively. This is particularly beneficial for individuals who are up against well-funded defendants or corporations.
  • No Upfront Costs: Unlike loans, consumer legal funding does not require upfront payments or monthly repayments. Instead, repayment is structured with a known outcome and amount.
Overall, consumer legal funding can be a valuable resource for plaintiffs in need of financial assistance during legal proceedings without putting them in debt. Eric Schuller President Alliance for Responsible Consumer Legal Funding (ARC)
Announcements Commercial Legal Innovation

LITFINCON Expands to Los Angeles in September 2024 and Announces Distinguished Judicial Panel

As the premier litigation finance conference renowned for its thought leadership and networking opportunities, LITFINCON is proud to announce its expansion to Los Angeles in September 2024. LITFINCON Los Angeles promises to uphold its tradition of excellence, offering attendees exclusive networking events, informative and engaging panel discussions, and unique insights into the evolving landscape of litigation finance through both a legal and financial lens. Attendees include a diverse array of professionals, including litigators, general counsel, law firm partners, funders, investors, insurance professionals, and esteemed members of the judiciary. Among the hallmarks of LITFINCON is the Judicial Panel, featuring distinguished jurists who will offer invaluable perspectives on the intersection of law and finance. LITFINCON Los Angeles is honored to announce these participating jurists with additional jurists to be announced:
  • The Honorable Patrick Bumatay of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
  • The Honorable Charles Eskridge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas
  • The Honorable Taylor McNeel of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi
The Judicial Panel will be moderated by Lauren J. Harrison, Vice President & Investment Counselor of Law Finance Group. "We want to thank our distinguished panel of jurists for taking time from their busy day jobs to share their views about our industry's work. I was privileged to begin my legal career by clerking for two federal judges, so our firm's respect for the public service and dedication of members of the judiciary is deep and sincere," says Mani Walia, Managing Partner at Siltstone Capital. LITFINCON Los Angeles's venue is The Maybourne Beverly Hills, a symbol of West Coast elegance, perfectly located adjacent to Rodeo Drive. Guests can indulge in top-tier dining and services, staying at Tatler's 2023 selection for "Best City Hotel." Registration for LITFINCON Los Angeles 2024 is now open, with early bird discounts available for a limited time. Don't miss this opportunity to be part of the premier event shaping the future of litigation finance. If you are interested in sponsorship opportunities, please reach out to Ally Herebic at allyson.herebic@siltstone.com. Siltstone Capital, the organizer of LITFINCON, is a top-tier niche alternative capital provider that provides funding solutions for litigants, law firms, and legal teams, aiming to support plaintiffs with the financial resources to assert and protect their rights. Learn more about Siltstone Capital at www.siltstone capital.com. For further details about LITFINCON Los Angeles, please visit our website at www.litfincon.com.
Commercial People Moves

ALFA Welcomes Aequitas Litigation Funding as Newest Member

In an announcement posted on LinkedIn, The Association of Litigation Funders of Australia (ALFA) welcomed Aequitas Litigation Funding as its newest member.  The Sydney-based litigation funder is backed by Axiis Capital Pty Ltd, with the company being ‘founded on the principle of fairness to all in our legal system and is dedicated to providing access to justice.’ According to Aequitas’ website, the funder is open to providing ‘financing for legal costs, solicitor’s fees, and working capital’, with a focus on class actions.
Commercial Deals

Italian Funder LexCapital Looks to Engage with Swiss Legal Market

For those funders who are newer entrants to the litigation finance market, their focus may initially be limited to domestic proceedings within their native jurisdiction. However, as these funders look to grow, it is often a natural next step to look outside their own borders, and engage with cases in other jurisdictions that have a connection to their home country. An article in Corriere Del Ticino highlights the activities of Italian litigation funder LexCapital, speaking with the company’s COO, Giuseppe Farchione, about the funder’s work in Italy and its recent expansion to engage with legal matters taking place in Switzerland.  Farchione discussed the company’s proprietary algorithm, ‘LexCapital Litigation Assessment’, which allows the funder to analyse the potential outcome and proceeds from a case, utilising a database which includes over 1.2 million civil matters in the Italian courts. The database contains a variety of statistical information that the algorithm can draw upon, including the duration of these cases, the subject and forum of the proceedings, and the division of these cases based on whether they were accepted or rejected. Farchione explained that the company hopes to begin incorporating data from international arbitration proceedings and cases in other jurisdictions. Farchione went on to discuss LexCapital’s nascent activities in the Swiss legal market, having engaged in its first case in Ticino, an Italian-speaking region of southern Switzerland, working with local lawyer Marco Compagnino. Farchione said that LexCapital would be open to working with other law firms in Switzerland, noting that the costs involved in Swiss cases are high but can lead to substantial returns for those proceedings that reach successful conclusions. He went on to say that LexCapital’s primary interest in Swiss litigation funding is in those cases which have a connection to Italy, such as those matters that involve an Italian company operating in Switzerland or a Swiss company that is involved in a dispute with an Italian counterpart.
Announcements Case Developments Commercial

LitFin Funded Case to Recover Khatib Family’s Stolen Art Leads to Raids in Paris and Frankfurt

Many examples of funded litigation involve high profile companies or sovereign states, with alleged scandals and injustices that can quickly dominate headlines. However, an ongoing European legal action may stand out above the rest, with a story so eventful that it sounds as if it could have been lifted from a Hollywood script, as a litigation funder is supporting a family’s efforts to recover stolen paintings worth hundreds of millions of euros. A press release from the Khatib family provided an update on its legal battle to recover valuable paintings that were stolen from their collection, as French bailiffs and police conducted a raid on a storage facility in Paris. The raid was authorised by court orders issued in Paris, which follows the same pattern as raids conducted by German authorities following court orders issued in Frankfurt. The Paris raid reportedly recovered a ‘large number of paintings belonging to a collection of works of Russian Avantgarde stolen from the Khatib family.’ These raids are the result of a legal case that began following the December 2019 theft of around 1,800 paintings, valued in the hundreds of millions of euros, from Wiesbaden in Germany. Since the theft, the Khatib family have been pursuing legal action to recover the stolen artwork, with the litigation funded by Prague-based funder, LitFin, and led by Dentons’ offices in Frankfurt and Paris. The press release included a statement from the spokesperson for the Khatib family, who said: "With the help of Dentons and LitFin, we will follow the perpetrators around the world. We will continue to recover our property and encourage anyone who considers buying works from the Russian Avantgarde to diligently check its provenance and make sure it is not a stolen piece belonging to our family".
Case Developments Commercial

High Court Denies ‘Dieselgate’ Defendants’ Request to Order Disclosure of Claimants’ Funding Agreement

As the UK litigation finance industry continues to stay in the public spotlight, discussions continue around what any future regulation might entail and whether it would increase requirements around the transparency or disclosure of funding agreements. For now, a recent judgement from the High Court has ruled in favour of the claimants in a high-profile group claim, by denying a request for the disclosure of any funding agreements. An article in The Law Society Gazette highlights a ruling in the High Court of Justice of England and Wales, Kings Bench Division, that dealt with a request for the disclosure of any funding agreements in the ‘Dieselgate’ group claim. The judgement dealt with two sets of applications, with the second being a funding disclosure application from the defendants that sought to compel the claimants and their lawyers, Pogust Goodhead, to provide ‘information as to their funding position’.  The request was sought by the defendants as they stated that they ‘are considering making an application under CPR 25.14(2)(b) for security for costs against the Funders.’ In their judgement, Mrs Justice Cockerill and Mr Justice Constable, declined ‘to order disclosure of Pogust Goodhead’s funding agreement, but instead consider that it will be appropriate to revisit the issue relatively shortly, to the extent it is pursued.’ They wrote that this could be done after legal budgets were fixed and once the claimants have had the opportunity to secure ATE insurance, meaning that ‘the question of security against Gramercy would be rendered redundant.’ The full judgement can be read here.
Commercial

Lawdragon Publishes 100 Global Leaders in Litigation Finance for 2024

Lawdragon has released its 100 Global Leaders in Litigation Finance list for 2024, with the fifth edition of its annual guide ‘dedicated to the leaders of this fascinating – and necessary – avenue of the legal profession.’ The list includes 164 senior executives from all over the glove, representing the entire spectrum of those companies involved in litigation finance, including funders, law firms, insurers, investors, and advisors. Of those companies with leaders included on the list, Burford Capital saw the highest number of executives recognised with 17, with Omni Bridgeway close behind at 12 individuals, and Harbour which had eight of its team listed.  Looking at the breakdown by jurisdiction across the 165 litigation finance leaders recognised, the US was the most represented country with 73 individuals listed. The UK came in a close second with 55 leaders recognised, and Australia came behind it with 17 executives profiled. As part of it’s 2024 litigation finance leaders list, Lawdragon has also identified those individuals who are listed in its Hall of Fame, which recognises ‘members and other outstanding lawyers who have made a remarkable contribution to the profession.’ Within litigation finance, three individuals are included in the Hall of Fame:
  • Louis Young, co-founder & CEO, Augusta Ventures
  • Stuart Grant, co-founder & managing director, Bench Walk Advisors
  • Andy Lundberg, managing director, Burford Capital
The full list of individuals recognised in 100 Global Leaders in Litigation Finance list can be found here.
Commercial Regulatory Issues

Russian Billionaires Evading Sanctions by Funding Cases in UK & US

One of the latest critiques of the litigation finance industry is that it represents a potential threat to US national security, due to the possibility of foreign governments and entities by funding lawsuits that target American companies and strategic national interests. Whilst there has been scant evidence of this being a tangible issue, a new investigation has revealed that Russian billionaires have been avoiding international sanctions by financing lawsuits in the West. The detailed investigation by Bloomberg Law focuses on the activities of the investment company A1, its parent corporation Alfa Group, and A1’s directors. Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Alfa Group has been sanctioned by both the United States and United Kingdom, as were A1’s billionaire directors Petr Aven, Mikhail Fridman, German Khan, and Alexey Kuzmichev. The US also individually sanctioned A1 in September 2023. Bloomberg’s investigation reveals that A1 has financed and been directly involved in the proceedings of bankruptcy lawsuits in both New York and London, having spent approximately $20 million across these cases. The investigation highlights that A1’s sanctioned directors attempted to avoid the reach of their individual sanctions by selling the company to another of its directors, Alexander Fain, for the miniscule sum of $900. In a witness statement for one of the bankruptcy cases, Fain explained that his directors had sold the company because “it became obvious that A1 LLC would no longer be able to operate normally and that there was a risk of default on its obligations to fund the litigation.” Commenting on the investigation, J. Scott Maberry, partner at Sheppard Mullin, described A1’s funding activities as “a big development in that sense because it kind of puts the US judicial system on par with the New York Stock Exchange and the US dollar as things that we need to start thinking carefully about how to deny access to.” Matt Webb, senior vice president at the Chamber of Commerce’s Institute for Legal Reform, argued that “A1’s actions are an example of the problems that arise when foreign entities can finance litigation.” The full details of A1’s involvement in these cases, as well as the roles played by sanctioned individuals can be read in Bloomberg Law’s article.
Commercial Deals

Westfleet Publishes 2023 Litigation Finance Market Report

Westfleet Advisors has published its fifth annual Litigation Finance Market Report, providing a data-driven overview of the commercial funding industry in the United States from 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023.  Westfleet summarises its findings as ‘indicative of an industry in a state of flux, with some notable players exiting the industry, numerous professionals making lateral moves, and capital commitments to new deals contracting by nearly 14%.’ With regard to the decreasing volume of new capital commitments, Westfleet attributes this trend to the difficult global economic conditions that are affecting all industries, rather than a decline in demand for litigation funding. Despite this contraction on new capital, Westfleet still found that ‘many funders thrived both in terms of new capital raised, capital committed to new deals, growth in their headcount, and profitability.’ Westfleet’s report suggests that the data from 2023 indicates that the market is still favourable for those established funders ‘with strong track records and a proven ability to consistently attract new capital.’ Key highlights from the 2023 report include:
  • $15.2B in assets under management for 2023, representing a small increase from $15.1B in 2022
  • $2.7B in new commitments to deals in 2023, down from £3.2B in 2022
  • The average deal size declined from $8.6M in 2022 to $7.8M in 2023
  • This was driven by a reduction in the average size of portfolio deals from $10.5M in 2022 to $9.9M in 2023
  • In contrast the average size of single-matter transactions increased from $4.3M in 2022 to $4.8M in 2023
  • The share of new capital dedicated to claim monetization reached 21% in 2023, continuing the upward trend from 14% in 2022 and 8% in 2021
To read the full report from Westfleet Advisors, click here.