Disclosure in the Spotlight for Patent Cases with Third-Party Funding

As LFJ reported last week, Google is the target of a €900 million claim brought against the technology giant in the Netherlands over its alleged anti-competitive behaviour. However, that is not the only lawsuit being brought against the company over such allegations, with a new claim being filed at the Competition Appeal Tribunal (CAT) in the UK.

An announcement from Geradin Partners highlights the filing of a new claim brought against Google before the CAT over allegations that the company abused its market dominance to increase prices for Google Ads and harm competitors in the search advertising market. The claim, which has an estimated value of £5 billion, is being brought on behalf of UK-based advertisers who have allegedly suffered losses because of Google’s anti-competitive behaviour. The lawsuit is to represent UK businesses who purchased advertising space on Google search spaces since 1 January 2011.

The opt-out competition damages claim is being brought by Or Brook Class Representative Limited, with Dr Or Brook acting as the proposed class representative. Dr Brook is a competition law expert, currently holding the position of Associate Professor of Competition Law and Policy at the School of Law at the University of Leeds. She is supported by a legal team led by Geradin Partners, with funding for the proceedings being provided by Burford Capital.

Dr Or Brook, provided the following comment on the lawsuit: “Today, UK businesses and organisations, big or small, have almost no choice but to use Google ads to advertise their products and services. Regulators around the world have described Google as a monopoly and securing a spot on Google’s top pages is essential for visibility. Google has been leveraging its dominance in the general search and search advertising market to overcharge advertisers.”

Damien Geradin, founding partner of Geradin Partners, emphasised that “this is the first claim of its kind in the UK that seeks redress for the harm caused specifically to businesses who have been forced to pay inflated prices for advertising space on Google pages.”

The full announcement from Geradin Partners can be read here.

Ever since the Supreme Court’s ruling in PACCAR, it has become a common sight in group proceedings to see defendants bringing appeals over the funding arrangements in these cases. However, a new judgment by the Court of Appeal on one such appeal has offered a significant victory for litigation funders who wish to support these group actions.

A ruling handed down by the Court of Appeal in the case of Justin Gutmann v Apple Inc and others, dismissed appeals brought by Apple over the funding arrangements in the group proceedings brought against the company by Justin Gutmann. 

The Court of Appeal’s judgment related to two grounds of appeal that Apple had raised. Firstly, the CAT’s alleged lack of jurisdiction to make an order to payout a funder’s fees or returns before damages were distributed to class members, and the ability of class representatives to enter into funding agreements that contemplated such orders. Secondly, that the funding agreement in this case ‘created sufficiently perverse incentives that the CAT could not properly authorise’ Mr Gutmann to act as the class representative.

The Court of Appeal’s judgment, led by Sir Julian Flaux Chancellor of The High Court with unanimous agreement from Lord Justice Green and Lord Justice Briss, dismissed Apple’s appeal on both grounds. In the conclusion of his judgment, Flaux wrote that “the CAT does have jurisdiction to order that the funder’s fee or return can be paid out of the damages awarded to the class in priority to the class.” With that fact clearly established, he went on to say that it follows that “that there can be absolutely nothing wrong with the CR entering into a LFA which makes provision for that to happen.”

Leaving no room for any doubt, Flaux stated plainly that “once Ground 2 of the appeal fails, Ground 3 is indeed hopeless.”

Separate appeals brought by Apple over the consequences of the Supreme Court’s PACCAR’s ruling as it relates to LFAs being considered as damages-based agreements, are still yet to be heard. A hearing on this separate ground of appeal is scheduled for June following the Court of Appeal’s lifting of the stay on those appeals on 4 February 2025.

The full judgment from the Court of Appeal in Justin Gutmann v Apple Inc and others can be read here.