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Early-Stage Funding (ESF): Bridging the Gap in Litigation Finance

By Drew Hathaway |
March 25, 2025

Early-Stage Funding (ESF): Bridging the Gap in Litigation Finance

The following was contributed by Drew Hathaway, Founding Partner of Ignitis

Litigation funding has become a powerful tool for leveling the playing field in legal disputes, particularly in large-scale collective redress and mass litigation. However, traditional litigation funding models generally focus on established claims, leaving many meritorious cases stranded without the resources to move forward. ESF changes that dynamic, ensuring that strong claims don’t fail due to a lack of early investment.

What is Early-Stage Funding (ESF)?

ESF is a litigation seed funding model designed to provide capital before a case is mature enough for traditional funders. Unlike standard litigation finance, which typically invests after a case has been filed and is well-developed, ESF supports cases at their most critical early phase—covering investigation, legal groundwork, expert reports, and strategic planning.

For many high-stakes claims this early-stage investment is the difference between a case moving forward or being abandoned due to financial constraints.

How Can ESF Be Used?

ESF can be used in various ways. Some examples are:

  • Case Investigation & Viability Assessments: Financing expert reports, forensic analysis, and economic modeling to strengthen claims.
  • Initial Legal Work: Supporting law firms in preparing legal arguments, securing lead claimants, and initiating regulatory engagement.
  • Claimant Outreach & Bookbuilding: Funding the early-stage efforts to build a robust claimant pool in opt-in and opt-out actions.
  • Litigation Structuring & Strategy: Ensuring that the case is structured in a way that will later attract traditional (Round B) litigation funders.

Who Benefits from ESF?

ESF benefits injured parties, law firms, and traditional litigation funders in the following ways:

Claimants: Claimants generally do not have the means to finance their own litigation. For individuals or businesses harmed by corporate misconduct, access to ESF means:

  • Non-recourse capital to get the claim off the ground (meaning the ESF only needs to be paid back if the case is fully funded). 
  • The case moves forward faster, without waiting for full-scale funding.
  • Access to top-tier legal representation capable of success against well-resourced defendants.
  • The claims are properly developed and strategically executed, increasing their chances of success.

Law Firms: Law firms working on large-scale litigation often struggle with taking on the full risk and high costs of early-stage case development. This stage generally takes significant work, bookended with long timelines to securing Round B funding before capital begins to be deployed. For law firms, access to ESF means:

  • They have immediate access to capital to help with law firm cash flows.
  • They no longer must take on full risk for their time and upfront resources needed to secure funding.
  • They can focus their attention on developing the best legal arguments possible rather than worrying about their up-front time commitment.
  • They have a better developed case to present to Round B funders, making it more efficient to secure full funding.

Round B Funders (Traditional Litigation Funders): Frequently Round B Funders are presented with cases that they believe are simply too early for investment. Traditional litigation funders benefit from ESF because:

  • They receive well-developed cases that have already passed viability assessments.
  • They have immediate access to expert reports and legal opinions to better analyze the case and risks.
  • The risk of investment is reduced, since much of the groundwork has been completed and expert opinions are available.
  • Their duration risk is significantly reduced because ESF has been deployed to jump start the case and litigation is ready to commence. 

Conclusion

As litigation finance evolves, ESF is emerging as an essential tool for claimants, law firms and funders alike. By enabling early-stage legal work and de-risking high-potential claims, ESF ensures that justice is not delayed or denied due to financial constraints.

If you are exploring funding options for an early-stage case, ESF could be the solution to unlocking its full potential. 

About the Author

Drew Hathaway is a Founding Partner of Ignitis, where he leads case development, business strategy, and litigation funding initiatives. A U.S.-trained class action lawyer, Drew brings nearly two decades of experience navigating complex, high-stakes disputes and has built a reputation for advancing impactful litigation across borders.

After beginning his career defending medical malpractice cases, Drew transitioned to the plaintiff side in 2016, where he later became a key figure in the growth of international collective redress. He played a central role in launching and scaling European collective actions, helping to secure and deploy over €100 million in funding for cases aimed at holding multinational corporations accountable. Drew has helped millions of Europeans gain access to justice.

Drew’s expertise spans the full lifecycle of cross-border collective litigation—from claim foundation setup and funding structures to jurisdictional strategy, cost and tax modeling, and claims management. His comparative knowledge of U.S. and European systems allows him to operate effectively at the intersection of law and finance, where he regularly collaborates with leading law firms, economists, litigation funders, and academic experts.

He is a frequent speaker on international collective redress and litigation finance and is deeply committed to expanding access to justice for individuals and consumers harmed by systemic corporate misconduct.

He earned his B.A. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and his J.D. from Campbell University School of Law, where he was a National Moot Court Team member, Order of Old Kivett inductee, and editor of the Campbell Law Observer.

Drew is admitted to practice law in North Carolina, multiple U.S. federal and appellate courts, and in England and Wales.

About the author

Drew Hathaway

Drew Hathaway

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Commercial

Institute for Legal Reform Urges EU Clampdown on Litigation Funding

By John Freund |

As debate over third-party litigation funding (TPLF) continues to intensify globally, new pressure is being applied at the European level from business and industry groups calling for tighter oversight. A recent submission from a U.S.-based advocacy organization urges EU policymakers to take coordinated action, framing litigation funding as a growing risk to legal certainty and economic competitiveness across the bloc.

An article from Institute for Legal Reform outlines a formal letter sent to senior EU officials calling for harmonized, EU-wide regulation of third-party litigation funding. The Institute argues that the rapid expansion of TPLF—particularly in collective actions and mass claims—has outpaced existing regulatory frameworks, creating what it characterizes as opportunities for abuse. According to the submission, funders’ economic incentives may distort litigation strategy, encourage speculative claims, and exert undue influence over claimants and counsel.

The letter specifically urges institutions such as the European Commission and the European Parliament to introduce transparency and disclosure requirements around funding arrangements. The Institute also advocates for safeguards addressing funder control, conflicts of interest, and capital adequacy, suggesting that inconsistent national approaches risk regulatory arbitrage. In its view, the EU’s Representative Actions Directive and broader access-to-justice initiatives should not be allowed to become conduits for what it calls “profit-driven litigation.”

The submission reflects a familiar narrative advanced by business groups in the U.S. and Europe, linking litigation funding to rising litigation costs, forum shopping, and pressure on corporate defendants. While the Institute positions its recommendations as pro-consumer and pro-rule-of-law, the letter has already drawn criticism from funding advocates who argue that TPLF improves access to justice and levels the playing field against well-resourced defendants.

Case Developments Commercial

Siltstone Capital Reaches Settlement with Former General Counsel

By John Freund |

Litigation funder Siltstone Capital and its former general counsel, Manmeet “Mani” Walia, have reached a settlement resolving a trade secrets lawsuit that had been pending in Texas state court. The agreement brings an end to a dispute that arose after Walia’s departure from the firm, following allegations that he misused confidential information to establish a competing business in the litigation finance space.

As reported in Law 360, Siltstone filed suit in late 2025, claiming that Walia, who had served as general counsel and was closely involved in the company’s internal operations, improperly accessed and retained proprietary materials after leaving the firm. According to the funder, the information at issue included sensitive business strategies and other confidential data central to Siltstone’s competitive position. The lawsuit asserted claims under Texas trade secrets law, along with allegations of breach of contract and breach of fiduciary duty tied to confidentiality and restrictive covenant provisions.

Walia disputed the allegations as the case moved forward, setting the stage for what appeared to be a hard-fought legal battle between the former employer and its onetime senior executive. However, before the dispute could be fully litigated, the parties opted to reach a negotiated resolution. Following the settlement, Siltstone moved to dismiss the case with prejudice, signaling that the matter has been conclusively resolved and cannot be refiled.

The specific terms of the settlement have not been made public, which is typical in cases involving alleged trade secret misappropriation. While details remain confidential, such resolutions often include mutual releases of claims and provisions aimed at protecting sensitive information going forward.

Commercial People Moves

Burford Capital Makes Strategic Entry into South Korea

By John Freund |

Litigation funder Burford Capital is expanding its footprint in Asia with its first senior hire in South Korea, marking a strategic move into a jurisdiction it sees as increasingly important for complex commercial and arbitration disputes. The firm has appointed Elizabeth J. Shin as Senior Vice President and Head of Korea, with responsibility for leading Burford’s activities in the market and developing relationships with Korean corporates and law firms.

Law.com reports that Shin joins Burford from Lee & Ko, where she was a partner in the firm’s international arbitration and global disputes practice. Her background includes advising on high-value cross-border commercial disputes, intellectual property matters, and arbitration proceedings across a range of industries. Burford has positioned her experience as a key asset as it looks to support Korean companies pursuing claims in international forums and managing the cost and risk of major disputes.

The hire reflects Burford’s view that Korea represents a growing opportunity for legal finance, driven by the country’s sophisticated corporate sector and increasing involvement in international arbitration and complex litigation. By establishing a senior presence on the ground in Seoul, Burford aims to provide local market insight alongside its capital and strategic expertise, while also raising awareness of litigation funding as a tool for dispute management.

Korea has traditionally been a more conservative market for third-party funding compared with jurisdictions such as the US, UK, and Australia, but interest in alternative dispute finance has been gradually increasing. Burford’s move signals confidence that demand will continue to grow, particularly as Korean businesses become more active in global disputes and seek flexible ways to finance large claims.