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Legislation to ensure the enforceability of LFAs is progressing smoothly through Parliament

Legislation to ensure the enforceability of LFAs is progressing smoothly through Parliament

The following is a contributed piece by Tom Webster, Chief Commercial Officer at Sentry Funding.

So far, the Litigation Funding Agreements (Enforceability) Bill has been passing through Parliament without a hitch.

The government is bringing the legislation in response to the Supreme Court’s decision last summer in PACCAR Inc & Ors v Competition Appeal Tribunal & Ors [2023] UKSC 28, which called into question the enforceability of LFAs.

The Bill was briefly introduced into the House of Lords on 19 March, and was debated at second reading on 15 April. During the debate, while some peers discussed the need for regulation of the litigation funding industry and for careful consideration of whether the retrospective nature of the legislation was justified, no peers opposed the Bill – and many welcomed it.

More recently, during scrutiny at grand committee on 29 April, the relatively small number of peers who attended the session broadly supported the Bill, and several spoke in favour of the need for its provisions to be retrospective.

In terms of the Bill’s drafting, the government proposed some small changes at committee stage, which were waved through by peers. The most significant was to address a potential problem with the original drafting where the LFA relates to the payment of costs rather than funding the provision of advocacy or litigation services.

The problem was that, in the original wording, it could be argued that the Bill only applied to the funding of costs that relate to court proceedings, but not those relating to arbitration, or settlements. This has now been resolved by new wording to make clear that an LFA may relate to the payment of costs following court, tribunal or arbitration proceedings, or as part of a settlement. An LFA may also relate to the provision of advocacy or litigation services.

Meanwhile another government amendment was aimed at avoiding problems for litigants-in-person, by ensuring that the definition of LFAs in the Bill includes agreements to fund the expenses of LiPs, for example where they need to pay for an expert’s report.

During grand committee, peers also expressed their approval of the broad terms of reference that have now been published by the Civil Justice Council for its review of litigation funding, which will include an examination of whether the sector should be regulated; and if so, how. Peers commended the speedy timescale that the CJC has set itself, aiming to produce an interim report by the summer, and a full report by summer 2025.

As the Litigation Funding Agreements (Enforceability) Bill continues its journey through Parliament and the CJC begins work on its review, there are clearly significant changes on the way for the litigation funding sector in the UK.

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Federal Judiciary Advisory Committee Moves Forward with Litigation Finance Transparency Rules

By John Freund |

A federal judiciary advisory committee agreed on Tuesday to develop transparency obligations for third-party litigation funders, advancing one of the most closely watched rulemaking efforts in U.S. civil procedure. The decision came despite what participants described as "vehement" opposition from segments of both the defense and plaintiffs' bars, underscoring how contentious disclosure of funding arrangements remains within the legal community.

As reported by Law360, the committee, which shapes the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, signaled that it will continue drafting specific disclosure requirements rather than shelving the project, as some stakeholders had urged. Alongside the litigation finance item, the panel also advanced proposed updates to subpoena rules addressing remote testimony and service of process.

For funders, the development marks a significant shift in the regulatory conversation. Industry groups have long argued that existing discovery tools are sufficient to address concerns about control and conflicts, while proponents of disclosure contend that parties and courts need a clearer view of who stands to benefit from a case. The committee's decision indicates that federal rulemakers are prepared to put that debate to the test with concrete drafting, even as both sides continue to press their positions.

Next steps will involve developing rule text and further public input before any proposal moves up the Judicial Conference's rulemaking chain. Market participants will be watching closely, as any federal disclosure rule would likely influence how funders structure deals, negotiate with claimants, and manage portfolios across U.S. commercial litigation.

Judge Preska Orders Argentina’s Economy Minister to Produce Texts in YPF Enforcement Fight

By John Freund |

A U.S. federal judge has ordered Argentina's economy minister to turn over text messages sought by plaintiffs pursuing enforcement of the multibillion-dollar YPF judgment, the latest development in one of the most prominent litigation finance-backed cases in the world. The ruling expands the discovery footprint available to creditors working to collect on the landmark award against the Republic of Argentina.

As reported by Bloomberg, U.S. District Judge Loretta Preska ruled on Tuesday that plaintiffs backed by Burford Capital are entitled to messages from Argentina's sitting economy minister. The decision continues a pattern in which Judge Preska has pushed Argentina to produce internal communications and financial information as the plaintiffs seek to identify attachable assets and pierce through sovereign defenses.

Burford, which funded the underlying claims brought by former YPF minority shareholders, has pursued a sprawling enforcement campaign following a 2023 judgment of approximately $16 billion plus interest. Argentina has resisted enforcement on multiple fronts, appealing the merits ruling and contesting asset-identification discovery, while the plaintiffs have sought turnover of Argentina's interest in YPF itself.

For the litigation finance market, the order is another marker of how far-reaching post-judgment discovery can be in high-stakes sovereign enforcement — and how central funder-backed plaintiffs have become to the mechanics of collecting against state defendants. The decision is likely to intensify the ongoing standoff between Argentina and its creditors in the U.S. courts.

South Korea Recovers Record ISDS Legal Costs After Schindler Pays 9.6 Billion Won

By John Freund |

South Korea has recovered a record amount in investor-state dispute settlement legal costs, with Swiss elevator manufacturer Schindler paying approximately 9.6 billion won to satisfy a cost award following its unsuccessful arbitration claim against the Korean government. The payment marks the largest ISDS cost recovery in the country's history and offers a notable data point for parties evaluating the downside risk of treaty-based claims.

As reported by Chosunbiz, Jo Ara, head of the international investment disputes division at South Korea's Ministry of Justice, confirmed the recovery during a briefing on the government's handling of the case. Schindler had pursued a long-running claim tied to its investment in Hyundai Elevator, which the tribunal ultimately declined to sustain, exposing the investor to a substantial cost-shifting order.

The outcome highlights the growing willingness of tribunals to allocate costs against unsuccessful claimants in investor-state proceedings, a trend that has direct implications for litigation funders active in the international arbitration market. Cost awards of this scale can materially affect the economics of funding ISDS claims and are increasingly a factor in underwriting decisions.

For the broader litigation finance community, the Schindler payment underscores why funders evaluating treaty claims closely monitor both merits risk and cost exposure. As more states pursue aggressive recovery strategies after successful defenses, the downside profile of funded ISDS portfolios continues to evolve.